farnesol

In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, farnesol was listed as one of 599 additives to cigarettes.

Oxidation can then provide sesquiterpenoids such as farnesol.

Flowers of the plant provide the perfume essence from which the biologically important sesquiterpenoid farnesol is named.

This enzyme is also called farnesol isomerase.

Four odors were pumped in: butanol, farnesol (both described as "pleasantly musky"), lavender and chocolate.

From these gardens are derived the names of Acacia farnesiana and from its floral essence, the important biochemical farnesol.

This biosynthesis can be mimicked in the lab by preparing allylic stanane from farnesol, termed Corey synthesis.

Translation of mRNA is inhibited by a mevalonate derivative, which has been reported to be farnesol,although this role has been disputed.

Some important prenylation chains are geranylgeraniol, farnesol and dolichol, all products of the HMG-CoA reductase metabolic pathway.

Other names in common use include NADP-farnesol dehydrogenase, and farnesol (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) dehydrogenase.

After being translated, a farnesol is added to prelamin A using protein farnesyltransferase; this farnesylation is important in targeting lamin to the nuclear envelope, where it maintains its integrity.

The period for frq null mutants varied from 12 to 35 hours, and it could be stabilized by adding farnesol or geraniol (two intermediates of the sterol synthesis pathway) to the growth medium.

It is not known how mevalonate kinase mutations cause the febrile episodes, although it is presumed that other products of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathyway, the prenylation chains (geranylgeraniol and farnesol) might play a role.

Indometacin farnesil (INN) is a prodrug of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indometacin, designed to reduce the occurrence of side-effects by esterification of the carboxyl group on indometacin with farnesol.

The pure substance farnesol was named (ca. 1900-1905) after the Farnese acacia tree (Vachellia farnesiana), since the flowers from the tree were the commercial source of the floral essence in which the chemical was identified.

Farnesol is subject to restrictions on its use in perfumery as some people may become sensitised to it, however the evidence that farnesol can cause an allergic reaction in humans is disputed.

Disruption of the HMG CoA-reductase pathway at the level of FPPS prevents the formation of two metabolites (farnesol and geranylgeraniol) that are essential for connecting some small proteins to the cell membrane.

Analysis of essences of the floral extract from this plant, long used in perfumery, resulted in the name for the sesquiterpene biosynthetic chemical farnesol, found as a basic sterol precursor in plants, and cholesterol precursor in animals.

In accordance with this, farnesol and geranylgeraniol have been shown to be able to rescue effects caused by statins or nitrogenous bisphosphonates, further supporting that alcohols can be involved in prenylation, likely via phosphorylation to the corresponding isoprenoid diphosphate.

Current models of the organization of bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoids (the main constituents) inside the chlorosomes have put them in a lamellar organization, where the long farnesol tails of the bacteriochlorophyll intermix with carotenoids and each other, forming a structure resembling a lipid multilayer.