pachygyria

Another malformation worth mentioning because of its connections to pachygyria is polymicrogyria.

Lissencephaly ("smooth brain") is the extreme form of pachygyria.

Polymicrogyria usually gets misdiagnose with pacygyria so therefore it needs to be distinguished from pachygyria.

The most common lissencephaly observed, consisting of frontotemporal pachygyria and posterior agyria, is Grade 3.

Her MRI revealed pachygyria of the frontal and temporal lobes.

The imaging findings of this child's brain most likely represent diffuse pachygyria, a mild form of lissencephaly.

A patient's cognitive ability ranges correlate to the thickness of any subcortical band present and the degree of pachygyria.

Because pachygyria is a structural defect no treatments are currently available other than symptomatic treatments, especially for associated seizures.

The CT scan revealed pachygyria and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Patients with missense mutations tend to have less severe symptoms, pachygyria, and rare cases of subcortical band heterotopia.

Lissencephaly (to which pachygyria is most closely linked) is associated with severe mental retardation, epilepsy, and motor disability.

Pathological examination after hemispherectomy of the resected specimen showed pachygyria with nodular heteratopia and superficial myelination.

Women with DCX mutations tend to have an anteriorly-predominant subcortical band heterotopia and pachygyria.

Terms such as 'agyria' (no gyri) or 'pachygyria' (broad gyri) are used to describe the appearance of the surface of the brain.

Some specific disorders considered as alterations in neuronal migration are lissencephaly, schizencephaly, pachygyria, polymicrogyria and focal cortical dysplasia.

An MRI performed at age five showed generalized pachygyria with only a few broad gyri in the frontal and temporal lobes.

Two characteristics of lissencephaly include its absence of convolutions (agyria) and decreased presence of convolutions (pachygyria).

Two of 29 patients called to a study involving hippocampal sclerosis, a neuronal loss associated with febrile convulsions, had evidence of pachygyria in their imaging results.

One of the best known and most common types of neuronal migration disorders is lissencephaly, a diffuse cortical malformation relating directly to agyria and pachygyria.

When many of these small folds are packed tightly together, PMG may resemble pachygyria (a few "thick folds" - a mild form of lissencephaly).

This includes a spectrum of simplified cortex ranging from agyria (a total absence of cortical convolutions) to pachygyria (broadened gyri) with unusually thick cortex.

Polymicrogyria is characterized by many small gyri separated by shallow sulci, slightly thin cortex, neuronal heterotopia and enlarged ventricle and is often superimposed on pachygyria.

Michael had a brain disease called pachygyria and had an allergic reaction to a vaccination when he was 18 months old, leaving him severely mentally and physically disabled all of his life.

Zellweger Syndrome is characterized by a cortical dysplasia similar to polymicrogyria of cerebral and cerebellar cortex, occasionally with pachygyria surrounding the Sylvian fissure, and focal/subependymal heterotopia.

However, polymicrogyria is often misdiagnosed as pachygyria, ulegyria or lissencephaly, even by experienced radiologists, since the differences between these conditions can be difficult to see on an MRI or CT scan.