"Esbat" and "sabbat" are distinct and are probably not cognate terms, although an esbat is also called "moon sabbat".
The term milicja had been adapted from the cognate term, militsiya, used in several communist countries.
The comparative method aims to prove that two or more historically attested languages are descended from a single proto-language by comparing lists of cognate terms.
In Brazil, brown people is a cognate term for pardo.
But the term did include, from the beginning, a connotation of being non-civilized or "barbaric" that later became primary in cognate terms like "barbarian."
The two words are anglicizations of cognate terms (c.1622) from different Eastern Algonquian languages.
The cognate French term is Latin, not Latino.
The name koonj is derived from the Sanskrit word kraunch, which is a cognate Indo-European term for crane itself.
In other languages, it is often called Greenlandic or some cognate term.
The cognate terms in some languages, e.g., Klerk in Dutch, became restricted to a specific, fairly low rank in the administrative hierarchy.