They hope it could not result in self-cleaning coating that can be put on anything from car windscreens, inside oil pipes and on aircraft wings to prevent icing.

A clear view screen is typically driven by an electric motor at the center of the disk, and is often heated to prevent condensation or icing.

A Zero fighter plane was brought to the observatory in the hope of finding ways to prevent atmospheric icing.

In aircraft windshields, an electric current is applied through a conducting layer of tin(IV) oxide to generate heat to prevent icing.

For radar dishes, a single, large, ball-shaped dome also protects the rotational mechanism and the sensitive electronics, and is heated in colder climates to prevent icing.

From now on, heaters will be incorporated at that point to prevent icing and thus eliminate the need for foam insulation.

Superhydrophobic coatings can be applied to telephone lines, airplanes, bridges, transmission pipelines and residential plumbing to prevent corrosion and icing.

To prevent icing, many pitot tubes are equipped with a heating element.

It is found in saline environments such as coastal salt marshes, and in recent times on the verges of roads salted to prevent icing.